Construction continued to add jobs in
January (+39,000). Employment increased in both residential and nonresidential
building (+13,000 and +7,000, respectively). Employment continued to trend up
in specialty trade contactors (+13,000). Over the prior 12 months, construction
had added an average of 28,000 jobs per month.
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 257,000 in
January, and the unemployment rate as little changed at 5.7 percent, the U.S.
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job gains occurred in retail trade,
construction, health care, financial activities, and manufacturing.
Household Survey
Data
The unemployment rate, at 5.7 percent, changed little in
January and has shown no net change since October. The number of unemployed
persons, at 9.0 million, was little changed in January. (See table A-1. See the
note at the end of this news release and tables B and C for information about
annual population adjustments to the household survey estimates.)
Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for
teenagers (18.8 percent) increased in January. The jobless rates for adult men
(5.3 percent), adult women (5.1 percent), whites (4.9 percent), blacks (10.3
percent), Asians (4.0 percent), and Hispanics (6.7 percent) showed little or no
change. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)
In January, the number of long-term unemployed (those
jobless for 27 weeks or more) was essentially unchanged at 2.8 million. These
individuals accounted for 31.5 percent of the unemployed. Over the past 12
months, the number of long-term unemployed is down by 828,000. (See table
A-12.)
After accounting for the annual adjustments to the
population controls, the civilian labor force rose by 703,000 in January. The
labor force participation rate rose by 0.2 percentage point to 62.9 percent,
following a decline of equal magnitude in the prior month. Total employment, as
measured by the household survey, increased by 435,000 in January, and the
employment-population ratio was little changed at 59.3 percent. (See table A-1.
For additional information about the effects of the population adjustments, see
table C.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic
reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary part-time workers) was
essentially unchanged in January at 6.8 million. These individuals, who would
have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours
had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See
table A-8.)
In January, 2.2 million persons were marginally attached
to the labor force, down by 358,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not
seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and
were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12
months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for
work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)
Among the marginally attached, there were 682,000
discouraged workers in January, down by 155,000 from a year earlier. (The data
are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently
looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The
remaining 1.6 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in January
had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family
responsibilities. (See table A-16.)
Establishment
Survey Data
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 257,000 in
January. Job gains occurred in retail trade, construction, health care,
financial activities, and manufacturing. After incorporating revisions for
November and December (which include the impact of the annual benchmark
process), monthly job gains averaged 336,000 over the past 3 months. (See table
B-1 and summary table B. See the note at the end of this news release and table
A for information about the annual benchmark process.)
Employment in retail trade rose by 46,000 in January. Three
industries accounted for half of the jobs added--sporting goods, hobby, book,
and music stores (+9,000); motor vehicle and parts dealers (+8,000); and
nonstore retailers (+6,000).
Construction continued to add jobs in
January (+39,000). Employment increased in both residential and nonresidential
building (+13,000 and +7,000, respectively). Employment continued to trend up
in specialty trade contactors (+13,000). Over the prior 12 months, construction
had added an average of 28,000 jobs per month.
In January, health care employment increased by 38,000.
Job gains occurred in offices of physicians (+13,000), hospitals (+10,000), and
nursing and residential care facilities (+7,000). Health care added an average
of 26,000 jobs per month in 2014.
Employment in financial activities rose by 26,000 in
January, with insurance carriers and related activities (+14,000) and
securities, commodity contracts, and investments (+5,000) contributing to the
gain. Financial activities has added 159,000 jobs over the past 12 months.
Manufacturing employment increased by 22,000 over the
month, including job gains in motor vehicles and parts (+7,000) and wood
products (+4,000). Over the past 12 months, manufacturing has added 228,000
jobs.
Professional and technical services added 33,000 jobs in
January, including increases in computer systems design (+8,000) and
architectural and engineering services (+8,000).
In January, employment in food services and drinking
places continued to trend up (+35,000). In 2014, the industry added an average
of 33,000 jobs per month.
Employment in other major industries, including mining
and logging, wholesale trade, transportation and warehousing, information, and
government, showed little change over the month.
The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm
payrolls was unchanged at 34.6 hours in January. The manufacturing workweek
edged up by 0.1 hour to 41.0 hours, and factory overtime edged down by 0.1 hour
to 3.5 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees
on private nonfarm payrolls edged down by 0.1 hour to 33.8 hours. (See tables
B-2 and B-7.)
In January, average hourly earnings for all employees on
private nonfarm payrolls increased by 12 cents to $24.75, following a decrease
of 5 cents in December. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by
2.2 percent. In January, average hourly earnings of private-sector production
and nonsupervisory employees increased by 7 cents to $20.80. (See tables B-3
and B-8.)
The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for
November was revised from +353,000 to +423,000, and the change for December was
revised from +252,000 to +329,000. With these revisions, employment gains in
November and December were 147,000 higher than previously reported. Monthly
revisions result from additional reports received from businesses since the
last published estimates and the monthly recalculation of seasonal factors. The
annual benchmark process also contributed to these revisions.
Revisions to
Establishment Survey Data
In accordance with annual practice, the establishment
survey data released today have
been benchmarked to reflect comprehensive counts of
payroll jobs for March 2014. These
counts are derived principally from the Quarterly Census
of Employment and Wages (QCEW),
which enumerates jobs covered by the unemployment
insurance tax system. The benchmark process results in revisions to not
seasonally adjusted data from April 2013 forward. Seasonally adjusted data from
January 2010 forward are subject to revision. In addition, data for some series
prior to 2010, both seasonally adjusted and unadjusted, incorporate revisions.
The total nonfarm employment level for March 2014 was
revised upward by 91,000 (+67,000 on a not seasonally adjusted basis, or less
than 0.05 percent). The average benchmark revision over the past 10 years was
plus or minus 0.3 percent. Table A presents revised total nonfarm employment
data on a seasonally adjusted basis for January through December 2014.
An article that discusses the benchmark and
post-benchmark revisions and other technical issues can be accessed through the
BLS website at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.pdf.
Information on the data released today also may be obtained by calling (202)
691-6555.
Adjustments to
Population Estimates for the Household Survey
Effective with data for January 2015, updated population
estimates have been used in the household survey. Population estimates for the
household survey are developed by the U.S. Census Bureau. Each year, the Census
Bureau updates the estimates to reflect new information and assumptions about
the growth of the population since the previous decennial census. The change in
population reflected in the new estimates results from adjustments for net
international migration, updated vital statistics and other information, and
some methodological changes in the estimation process.
In accordance with usual practice, BLS will not revise
the official household survey estimates for December 2014 and earlier months.
To show the impact of the population adjustments, however, differences in
selected December 2014 labor force series based on the old and new population
estimates are shown in table B.
The adjustments increased the estimated size of the
civilian noninstitutional population in December by 528,000, the civilian labor
force by 348,000, employment by 324,000, and unemployment by 24,000. The number
of persons not in the labor force was increased by 179,000. The total unemployment
rate, employment-population ratio, and labor force participation rate were
unaffected.
Data users are cautioned that these annual population
adjustments can affect the comparability of household data series over time.
Table C shows the effect of the introduction of new population estimates on the
comparison of selected labor force measures between December 2014 and January
2015. Additional information on the
population adjustments and their effect on national labor force
estimates is available at www.bls.gov/cps/cps15adj.pdf.
Table
A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not
seasonally adjusted
Source: Bureau of Labor
Statistics
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